This paper examines the impact of trade costs on real exchange rate volatility. We incorporate a multi … exchange rate volatility depends on relative technological differences and trade costs. These differences highlight a new … volatility. We then test the importance of this channel using a large panel of cross-country data over 1970-97, and find strong …

This paper examines the impact of trade costs on real exchange rate volatility. The channel is examined by constructing … higher trade costs result in a larger nontradable sector. This, in turn, leads to higher real exchange rate volatility. We …

The thrust of the report's recommendations to strengthen the institutional framework for self-evaluation, adapt it over … time to changing circumstances, and better disseminate lessons from self-evaluation are well taken. I believe, however …

I would like to thank the Independent Evaluation Office (IEO) for preparing this informative and timely report, which …

Executive Directors welcomed the report of the Independent Evaluation Office (IEO) on IMF Advice on Capital Flows …

indicators, the contributors have delved into the ways that global volatility, especially since 2008, has affected Indones …