State-owned financial institutions fall into three main groups: commercial banks, hybrid banks, and development institutions. The larger state-owned commercial banks/ groups include Sberbank, the VTB Bank group, and Gazprombank. Like private commercial banks, these institutions do not have a...

Rapid advances in financial technology are transforming the economic and financial landscape, offering wide-ranging opportunities while raising potential risks. Fintech can support potential growth and poverty reduction by strengthening financial development, inclusion, and efficiency-but it may...

This paper describes the appropriate maturity of IMF lending in capital account crises, and of the related issue of the mix between Supplemental Reserve Facility (SRF) and Stand-By Arrangement (SBA) resources. Several of the programs supported by exceptional access have been quite successful in...

This paper discusses several IMF's selected decisions of the Executive Board and related documents annex to fourteenth issue. Pursuant to Section III, paragraph 2 of the Instrument to Establish the Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility Trust, the IMF in its capacity as Trustee of that Trust,...

This paper presents Selected Decisions and Selected Documents' Fourth Issue of the IMF. In order to ensure the uniform application of the relevant Articles of Agreement as they apply to determinations of member's net official holdings of gold and US dollars for the purposes of Article III,...

This paper presents Selected Decisions and Selected Documents' Tenth Issue of the IMF. This volume, the Tenth Issue of Selected Decisions of the IMF and Selected Documents, contains the decisions, interpretations, and resolutions of the Executive Board and the Board of Governors of the IMF to...

This paper presents Selected Decisions and Selected Documents' Supplement to Eighth issue of the IMF. This volume, which is presented as a Supplement to the Eighth Issue of Selected Decisions of the IMF and Selected Documents includes general decisions adopted by the IMF since May 10, 1976, the...

This paper presents Selected Decisions and Selected Documents' Ninth Issue of the IMF. This volume, the Ninth Issue of Selected Decisions of the IMF and Selected Documents, contains the decisions, interpretations, and resolutions of the Executive Board and the Board of Governors of the IMF to...