increase growth and employment are studied. From a cross-country approach, this study finds a significant relationship between …

moderation. The paper identifies structural shifts in the relationship between wages and unemployment rates—a “wage curveâ … relationship with unemployment rates and business GDP. The paper also examines aspects of the European Central Bank’s monetary …

The paper discusses the flexicurity model, its key policy elements, and association with a low unemployment rate and a … high standard of social security for the unemployed. It provides details of an empirical analysis of unemployment …

. At end-2004, the unemployment rate amounted to 12 percent, and about one-third of the labor force was considered …

Governments often intervene in labor markets with the aim of reducing inequality and promoting employment. Such … relatively minor intervention can dramatically increase the fragility of jobs, the length of unemployment spells, as well as the … extent of unemployment and labor market churning. With institutions of the type studied here common across many different …

a tightening labor market, inflation remains subdued. Employment has grown 1¼–1½ percent in 2007, on par with the …

Botswana. The IMF report analyzes that large public employment significantly affect labor market outcomes in middle …

-sector employment and have helped raise standards of living. However, the growth model has involved costs: the public-sector wage bill … is relatively high, there is limited employment of nationals in the private sector, labor productivity has declined or …