variability over a prolonged period of time, against a background of high inflation. Convergence toward international relative and …

This Selected Issues paper for South Africa presents a quantitative analysis of inflation dynamics in the country. The … inflation. Exposed to exchange rate and other shocks, the model confirms that a delayed policy response to inflation shocks … leads to persistently higher inflation rates and, subsequently, to a sharp real contraction of the economy. …

This paper develops a simple model for measuring potential output that uses data on inflation, unemployment, and …

inflation since 2010 have led to a reevaluation of Brazil’s long-term potential growth rate. Growth accounting suggests that … dividend of a rapidly expanding labor force is fading and further structural declines in unemployment are likely to be limited …

, unemployment rate by regions, consumer price inflation and CPI weights, industrial producer prices, wages, pensions and per capita … by sector, industrial employment by sector, indicators of hidden unemployment, selected labor market indicators …