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The overall state of financial inclusion in Russia is relatively advanced along certain basic metrics. The number of adults with accounts at a financial institution stands at 67.4 percent, which compares well to the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) regional average of 51.4 percent. Account...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012644834
China has made significant progress in financial inclusion. High levels of account penetration, savings, and usage of payments services have been achieved, largely due to extensive branches and access points (particularly a vast network of rural cash withdrawal points), innovations by non-bank...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012645374
State-owned financial institutions fall into three main groups: commercial banks, hybrid banks, and development institutions. The larger state-owned commercial banks/ groups include Sberbank, the VTB Bank group, and Gazprombank. Like private commercial banks, these institutions do not have a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012644837
Rapid advances in financial technology are transforming the economic and financial landscape, offering wide-ranging opportunities while raising potential risks. Fintech can support potential growth and poverty reduction by strengthening financial development, inclusion, and efficiency-but it may...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014408463
At the request of the Italian Presidency of the G7, the IMF has prepared a paper on gender-budgeting as a contribution … to the G7 initiative on equality. The paper provides an overview of gender-responsive budgeting concepts and practices in … the G7 countries. It summarizes recent trends in gender equality in G7 and advanced countries, noting that while equality …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014408683
challenging, not least since policy buffers were reduced during 2011. Indeed, gross external and fiscal financing needs of MENA …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014410418
The countries of the Middle East and North Africa, and the Caucasus and Central Asia have the highest output volatility in the world. Fiscal policy is a powerful tool that can help dampen the business cycles. This paper analyzes the cyclical properties of fiscal policy in the region during the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014402817
This paper reviews the exchange regimes of five emerging market countries in the Middle East and North Africa region-Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, and Tunisia-and one oil-exporting country-Iran-to see whether they need to consider adopting more flexible arrangements as they further open their...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014397599
countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are constructed, encompassing six themes: development of the monetary … a subset of indicators, the MENA region is found to compare favorably with a few other regions, but it ranks far behind …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014399612
direct investment for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries, which generally have higher investment risk than … those with a longer-term focus in order to help lower the degree of risk instability for MENA countries …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014401431