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Institutions Matter in Transition, But so do Policies

International Monetary Fund - 2000

This paper analyzes the importance of developing market-enhancing institutions for restoring economic growth in transition economies during 1991–98. The paper’s main finding is that the development of an institutional framework has indeed a significant positive impact on growth, but that...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014399868

Debt-Equity Composition of International Investment

International Monetary Fund - 1988

Capital flows to the nonindustrial countries share three striking characteristics. First, the bulk, of these flows was in the form of debt, not equity; second, the loans were mostly to, or guaranteed by, debtor governments; and third, these debts were largely bank loans, not bonds. This paper...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014396446

Risk Instability and the Pattern of Foreign Direct Investment in the Middle East and North Africa Region

International Monetary Fund - 2004

This paper demonstrates that instability associated with investment risk is critical in explaining the level of foreign direct investment for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries, which generally have higher investment risk than developed countries. The empirical results support...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014401431

Foreign Direct Investment

International Monetary Fund - 1990

This paper summarizes the theory and empirical evidence on the determinants of foreign direct investment. These determinants include expected relative rates of return, risk diversification, market size, technological advantage, market failure, oligopolistic rivalry, liquidity, currency strength,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014396385

Corruption and the Rate of Temptation : Do Low Wages in the Civil Service Cause Corruption?

International Monetary Fund - 1997

This paper develops and tests two efficiency wage models of corruption in the civil service. Under fair wage models …, civil service wages are an important determinant of corruption. Under shirking models, the level of wages is of secondary … importance, as potential bribes dwarf wage income. The empirical evidence points to a negative relationship between corruption …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014400303

Why Worry About Corruption?

International Monetary Fund - 1997

corruption and presentsrecent evidence on the extent to which corruption affects investment,economic growth, and government … expenditure choices. The evidence presented here suggests that corruption may have considerable adverseeffects on economic growth …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014402761

Improving Governance and Fighting Corruption in the Baltic and CIS Countries : The Role of the IMF

International Monetary Fund - 2005

Drawing on recent examples of corruption in the Baltics and former Soviet Union, this pamphlet analyzes the links … between governance and corruption, and emphasizes the high economic cost that corruption exacts. The pamphlet outlines how the … IMF is working with the countries of the former Soviet Union to curb corruption, and put in place the regulatory and legal …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014399845

Corruption and Military Spending

International Monetary Fund - 2000

Anecdotal evidence relates corruption with high levels of military spending. This paper tests empirically whether such … the period 1985–98. The association between military spending and corruption is ascertained by using panel regression … techniques. The results suggest that corruption is indeed associated with higher military spending as a share of both GDP and …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014399916

Oil Rents, Corruption, and State Stability : Evidence From Panel Data Regressions

International Monetary Fund - 2009

We examine the effects of oil rents on corruption and state stability exploiting the exogenous within-country variation … increase in oil rents significantly increases corruption, significantly deteriorates political rights while at the same time … redistribution and conflict. We support our argument documenting that there is a significant effect of oil rents on corruption in …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014402218

Addressing Corruption Openly

International Monetary Fund - 2016

This paper outlines the IMF's perspective on the economic impact of corrup-tion and experience in helping countries … design and implement strategies to address it. Corruption has a broader corrosive impact on society. It undermines trust in … influence and political interference. Corruption afflicts countries at all stages of development. Indeed, some developing …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014408053

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