, shifting from pandemic to war, affecting all countries but in different ways. Above-target inflation rates and inflation … rates to fight inflation. Emerging and developing economies that are net importers of energy and food will be hit the …

This note reflects macroeconomic and fiscal forecasts presented with the April 2009 World Economic Outlook, as well as …

in commodity and asset prices, are leading to sharp increases in deficits and debt stocks around the world. Expansionary … on the April 2009 World Economic Outlook to quantify the fiscal implications of the crisis for a cross-section of … countries. The authors assess the post-shock fiscal balances and debt outlook, and suggest ways for governments to clarify their …