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Corruption and the Rate of Temptation : Do Low Wages in the Civil Service Cause Corruption?

International Monetary Fund - 1997

, civil service wages are an important determinant of corruption. Under shirking models, the level of wages is of secondary …This paper develops and tests two efficiency wage models of corruption in the civil service. Under fair wage models … importance, as potential bribes dwarf wage income. The empirical evidence points to a negative relationship between corruption …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014400303

Tonga : Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix

International Monetary Fund - 2003

This Selected Issues paper and Statistical Appendix reviews the past conduct of monetary policy of Tonga. The paper considers the problems in the current system and discusses the policy options available to the authorities. It reviews Tonga’s exchange rate policy and explores its effectiveness...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014406527

Tonga : Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix

International Monetary Fund - 2007

This Selected Issues paper assesses the fiscal risk impact of various events in Tonga and describes the challenges implied for fiscal management. The paper discusses that the Tongan government has made various efforts to limit the budgetary implications of the recent economic and political...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014403213

Employment and Wages in the Public Sector : A Cross-Country Study

International Monetary Fund - 1995

We study the determinants of employment and wages in the public sector, using a new set of panel data for 34 LDCs and … countries and private employment for OECD countries). Certain measures of government wages are positively associated with …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014398143

Do Government Wage Cuts Close Budget Deficits? : A Conceptual Framework for Developing Countries and Transition Economies

International Monetary Fund - 1996

in wages should be complemented with appropriate monitoring and penalty rates for effective tax administration …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014396160

Wage Expenditures of Central Governments

International Monetary Fund - 1995

Central government wage expenditures accounted for 7 percent of GDP in 99 countries during 1980-90 (unweighted average). Regression analysis indicates that federations, countries with high populations and high per capita incomes, heavily indebted countries, and small low-income economies tend to...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014398730

Public Sector Efficiency and Fiscal Austerity

International Monetary Fund - 1998

This paper uses a simple model to analyze the forces that determine the size of the public sector and the quality of workers employed in that sector. Workers are heterogeneous, and the public sector chooses an employment strategy that maximizes a social welfare function U(s, Y) that depends on...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014400822

Civil Service Reform Strengthening World Bank and IMF Collaboration

International Monetary Fund - 2002

Civil service reform is often essential to bring about governanceimprovements that are needed for sustainable poverty reduction.A workshop hosted by the World Bank and the IMF in September 2001provided a forum to review the effectiveness of Bank-Fund advice and programs on civil service reform,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014397690

Civil service reform : strengthening World Bank and IMF collaboration

2002

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010523859

The Quality of Governance : Second-Generation Civil Service Reform in Africa

International Monetary Fund - 1998

in response to compression of wages. The paper develops a simple theoretical framework to discuss these issues and the …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014401612