unemployment. The economy has entered its second year of near zero growth. To help restore competitiveness and improve financial … market conditions, decisive actions have been taken. Important decisions in 2012 include pension schemes and unemployment …

various tax rates lead to lower budget deficits in the long run, as a result of an expanding tax base and lower unemployment …

This background paper describes five different tools that can be used for the assessment of tax incentives by … framework for assessment. Evaluations of the various costs and benefits of tax incentives are vital for informed decision making … light on the implications of tax parameters - including targeted tax incentives - on investment returns and help understand …

The paper emphasizes the role of institutions and incentives in the presence of externalities. An economy with multiple … effective institutions exist for overcoming coordination failure. External financing may weaken incentives for adjustment over … that strengthen incentives to provide effort. Uncertainty regarding future taxes reduces present effort and the …

the limitation of current unemployment and disability benefit schemes. The paper identifies possible strategies to … using in-work benefit systems to create incentives to work at the low-skilled end of the labor market. …

The three-point VAT increase is part of a package in which unemployment payroll taxes will be reduced. Risks to the …

The paper discusses the flexicurity model, its key policy elements, and association with a low unemployment rate and a … high standard of social security for the unemployed. It provides details of an empirical analysis of unemployment …