Union is a major achievement but also a difficult process in the four countries (France, Germany, Italy, and Spain) …

-sector employment and have helped raise standards of living. However, the growth model has involved costs: the public-sector wage bill … is relatively high, there is limited employment of nationals in the private sector, labor productivity has declined or …

This paper discusses tax and expenditure policy reforms to raise employment. Using data for 58 advanced and emerging …. The focus is on incentives to increase labor demand and supply rather than on the impact of fiscal policy on employment … principles which should guide the design of country-specific fiscal reforms to boost employment. A comprehensive set of tables on …

borrowing agreement (the 'Agreement') with the Bank of Italy (hereafter, Italy or Purchaser), by which Italy will provide new …

agreement (the 'Agreement') with the Bank of Italy, by which Italy will provide new loan resources of up to SDR 800 million (see …

Italy’s 2008 Article IV Consultation describes the country's economic developments and policies. Output has been …

This 2002 Article IV Consultation highlights that the economic slowdown in Italy in 2001 has been followed by only a …

exchange rate expectations and on interest rates on publicly held government debt. In Italy, the high stock of such debt in …