"This volume provides the most comprehensive estimates of worldwide energy subsidies currently available, drawing on … "how to do" energy subsidy reform, drawing on insights from 22 country case studies and analyses carried out by other …

Energy subsidies have wide-ranging economic consequences. While aimed at protecting consumers, subsidies aggravate … fiscal imbalances, crowd-out priority public spending, and depress private investment, including in the energy sector …. Subsidies also distort resource allocation by encouraging excessive energy consumption, artificially promoting capital …

This supplement presents country case studies reviewing energy subsidy reform experiences, which are the basis for the …-Saharan Africa, two in developing Asia, three in the Middle East and North Africa, four in Latin America and the Caribbean, and three … in Central and Eastern Europe and the CIS. The case studies are organized by energy product, with 14 studies of the …

The small states of the Asia and Pacific region face unique challenges in raising their growth potential and living …-cyclical. Within the Asia-Pacific small states group, the micro states are subject to more vulnerability and macroeconomic volatility … than the rest of the Asia-Pacific small states …

This 2002 Article IV Consultation highlights that real GDP growth of Botswana slipped to an estimated 11⁄4 percent in … 2001/02 (July–June), largely reflecting a downturn in the global diamond market and a drop in Botswana’s diamond production …. The non-mining sectors performed better, especially the service industries. Their success is in part a product of Botswana …

’s current anti-HTV/AIDS policies and programs in Botswana. The paper throws light on the policy challenges that Botswana …, about 10 percent of GDP, by 2010 (using the baseline estimates). The paper also analyzes Botswana’s approach to medium …

The staff report for the 2006 Article IV Consultation on Botswana highlights economic developments and monetary and … exchange rate policy. Botswana’s growth has been fueled by continued increases in diamond production; and real diamond output …

The major trends in terms of GDP growth rates, conditions of market forces, and the core inflation crisis in Botswana … Botswana is the strongest compared with other middle-income countries, the overall results do not point toward a positive … pivotal to Botswana's survival in the existing fragile economic environment …

Poverty and unemployment remained high in Botswana. The shortcomings of the labor market policies are responsible for a … high unemployment rate. This selected issues paper sheds considerable light on ways that Botswana can enhance inclusive … growth and reduce the high level of structural unemployment. Botswana was identified as having been able to sustain the …