reducing employment protection of permanent workers. Substantially reforming the collective bargaining system and reducing the …The Spanish labor market is not working: the unemployment rate is structurally very high; wages are not very responsive … to labor market conditions, causing a high cyclicality of unemployment; and the labor market is highly dual. Compared …

unemployment, including the sharp rise in U.S. long-term unemployment during the Great Recession of 2007-09. About 75% of the … forecast error variance of unemployment is accounted for by cyclical factors-real GDP changes (?Okun‘s Law?), monetary and … dispersion of industry-level stock returns, account for the remaining 25 percent. For U.S. long-term unemployment the split …