This study assesses the overall impact on credit of the financial regulatory reforms in Europe, Japan, and the United … higher taxes and fees. Overall, average lending rates in the base case would rise by 18 bps in Europe, 8 bps in Japan, and 28 …

effectiveness may moderate in graying societies. It then uses Bayesian estimation techniques for the U.S., Canada, Japan, U.K., and …

financial markets and spillovers from Europe to Japan. The results also suggest that the uncertainty about the direction of …

States and the quantitative and qualitative easing (QQME) of Japan. Korea is an intriguing case due to its borderline … position between advanced and emerging market country groups, and the common perception that Korea competes fiercely with Japan …

This 2013 Article IV Consultation highlights that on the back of new policy framework, growth in Japan accelerated …

materialize, the Bank of Japan (BoJ) should act swiftly through further and/or longer- dated asset purchases. Communication should … coming years with uncertain net effects—higher exports and capital outflows—in the short term. As long as Japan continues …

This Selected Issues paper examines implications for long-term bond yields in case of Japan. The analysis finds that so …

This paper examines the role of Japan against that of China in the exchange rate regime in East Asia in light of … generate higher average welfare gains for East Asian countries than currency unions with Japan or the United States. Overall …, Japan does not appear to be a dominant player in forming a currency union in East Asia, and this trend is likely to continue …