The 2012 Article IV Consultation with France discusses the financial and economic conditions of the country. Although … France weathered the 2008 financial and subsequent euro area crises relatively well compared with other advanced countries …, its recovery has been sluggish. France has become a less open economy and reported a steady loss of export market share …

This paper describes determinants of Japan’s productivity growth, reform outputs, and speculation on future potential …

seemingly poor productivity performance, this paper examines job and firm dynamics in Canada relative to the United States … rigidities appear to be reducing Canada's capacity for creative destruction, hence undermining productivity growth. …

productivity and unemployment differentials. … differentiation and high regional unemployment differentials. The empirical literature has found that centralized wage bargaining …

generates two main predictions: long-run unemployment increases with (i) a fall in long-run productivity growth and (ii) a rise …We propose a theory of low-frequency movements in unemployment based on asymmetric real wage rigidities. The theory … in the variance of productivity growth. Evidence based on U.S. time series and on an international panel strongly …

Italy’s deep-rooted structural problems resulted in an unsatisfactory productivity performance and a dismal growth … decline in output is mainly accounted for by a collapse in productivity; in the medium term, employment and capital are also …

unemployment. The estimated unemployment gap is found to track well pressures on resource constraints. Moreover, the overall …