derogation from adopting the euro as their currency (that is, each country joining the EU commits to replace its national … currency with the euro, but can choose when to request permission to do so). For most of these countries, adopting the euro … convergence with the rest of the euro area. …

GARCH model shows a positive impact of the introduction of the Euro on exchange rate volatility for the Polish zloty … (negative for the Czech koruna), related to its larger exposure to external shocks. For countries in transition to Euro …

This study provides evidence that episodes of internal stability of exchange rates among the 11 Euro countries during … Euro on January 1, 1999, should be expected to contribute to reduced volatility of world commodity prices, other things …

over the period from 1948 through 2008. We find that, with the introduction of the euro, trade imbalances among euro area … tends to be more balanced when nominal exchange rates are flexible. Intra-euro area imbalances also seem to have become more … persistent with the introduction of the euro, some of which is linked to labor market inflexibility. Reviewing the direction of …

that the nominal effective exchange rate of the union was twice as volatile under the hard peg to the euro as it would have … in WAEMU trade patterns, away from euro area countries and toward the ?"BICs" (Brazil, India, and China). These findings …