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Shock from Graying; Is the Demographic Shift Weakening Monetary Policy Effectiveness
Imam, Patrick A. - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2013
effectiveness may moderate in graying societies. It then uses Bayesian estimation techniques for the U.S., Canada, Japan, U.K., and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011242214
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Indirect Taxeson International Aviation
Strand, Jon; Keen, Michael - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2006
This paper examines the case for internationally coordinated indirect taxes on aviation (as a source of general revenue-not (necessarily) as a source of development finance). The case for such taxes is strong: the tax burden on international aviation is currently limited, yet it contributes...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005769201
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Sudan; Selected Issues Paper
International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2012
This selected issues paper on Sudan was prepared by a staff team of the International Monetary Fund as background documentation for the periodic consultation with the member country. It is based on the information available at the time it was completed on September 7, 2012. The views expressed...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011244203
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Jordan; Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2012
This Selected Issues Paper focuses on economic condition, energy subsidies, and oil prices in Jordan. Energy price subsidies pose a serious fiscal risk in the present context of increasing and volatile international prices. The macroeconomic situation in Jordan is closely tied to that of other...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011244218
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Indonesia; Implementing National Policies in a Decentralized Context: Special Purpose Programs to Protect the Poor
Ahmad, Ehtisham; Leruth, Luc E. - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2000
In the context of continuing adjustments in the economy, the Government of Indonesia proposes to bring energy prices closer to long run marginal cost, while adequately compensating the poor. We focus on the constraints on central government policy objectives towards the poor as decentralization...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005263761
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Reforming Government Subsidies in the New Member States of the European Union
Segura-Ubiergo, Alex; Koranchelian, Taline; … - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2008
Subsidy reform has been a key component of the pre-accession reform agenda of the 10 new member states that joined the … reforms in their economies. One of the most critical reforms was to reduce, and in some cases, eliminate their subsidy … programs. This paper analyzes how key subsidy reforms (in state aid to enterprises, agriculture, energy, and transportation …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005263811
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Burkina Faso; Policies to Protect the Poor From the Impact of Food and Energy Price Increases
Adenauer, Isabell; Granado, Javier Arze del - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2011
This paper assesses the effectiveness of policies taken by the Burkinabè authorities to protect the poor from the adverse impact of a combined food and oil price shock in 2008. Estimates of the impact based on household survey data and a price pass-through model suggest that these policies were...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009293765
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Using Credit Subsidies to Counteract a Credit Bust; Evidence From Serbia
Podpiera, Jiri - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2011
Emerging markets are particularly vulnerable to boom-bust credit cycles, due to excessive capital flows, shallow equity markets, and companies' high leverage and open FX positions. While the policy debate on how to respond to boom-bust credit cycles remains unsettled, it has been conjectured...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009401189
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Iran; The Chronicles of the Subsidy Reform
Guillaume, Dominique M.; Zytek, Roman; Farzin, Mohammad Reza - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2011
On December 18, 2010, Iran increased domestic energy and agricultural prices by up to 20 times, making it the first major oil-exporting country to reduce substantially implicit energy subsidies. This paper reviews the economic and technical issues involved in the planning and early...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009203528
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Public Expenditure Policy and the Environment; A Review and Synthesis
Miranda, Kenneth M.; Parry, Ian W.H.; Gupta, Sanjeev - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 1993
Commonly cited environmental instruments in the legal, regulatory, and fiscal domains are intended primarily to address market failures to ensure that environmental degradation and resource use is contained to appropriate levels. However, in many instances, environmental degradation is rooted...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005825826