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Does Public-Sector Employment Fully Crowd Out Private-Sector Employment?

Behar, Alberto; Mok, Junghwan - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2013

We quantify the extent to which public-sector employment crowds out private-sector employment using specially assembled datasets for a large cross-section of developing and advanced countries, and discuss the implications for countries in the Middle East, North Africa, Caucasus and Central Asia....

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010790351

Measuring the Informal Economy in the Caucasus and Central Asia

Abdih, Yasser; Medina, Leandro - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2013

This study estimates the size of the informal economy, and the relative contribution of each underlying factor, for the Caucasus and Central Asia countries in 2008. Using a Multiple Indicator-Multiple Cause model, we find that a burdensome tax system, rigid labor market, low institutional...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010790402

Export Spillovers from Global Shocks for the Middle East and Central Asia

Behar, Alberto; Espinosa-Bowen, Jaime - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2014

This paper quantifies the effect of realized and potential global growth disappointments on export volumes from the Middle East, North Africa, the Caucasus, and Central Asia. Estimates of export elasticities with respect to trading partner GDP indicate non-oil export volumes are relatively...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011142158

Republic of Kazakhstan; Selected Issues

International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2013

This Selected Issues paper presents an assessment of leveraging oil wealth for development in Kazakhstan. By saving … most of the tax revenues collected from the oil sector in an off-budget oil fund Kazakhstan has been relatively successful … includes public enterprises in the oil and gas industry, is systemic in Kazakhstan. During the crisis the quasifiscal sector …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011244190