This paper (i) provides evidence on the procyclical investment behavior of major institutional investors during the … implications of procyclical behavior; and (iv) proposes a framework for sound investment practices for long-term investors. Such … procyclical investment behavior is understandable and may be considered rational from an individual institution’s perspective …

We study the effects of a bank's engagement in trading. Traditional banking is relationship-based: not scalable, long …-based: scalable, shortterm, capital constrained, and with the ability to generate risk from concentrated positions. When a bank … inefficiencies. A bank may allocate too much capital to trading ex-post, compromising the incentives to build relationships ex …

Real estate investment accounts for a quarter of total fixed asset investment (FAI) in China. The real estate sectorâ … estate investment in China—though a low-probability event—would be sizable, with large spillovers to a number of Chinaâ … and the rest of the G20 economies, we find that a 1-percent decline in China’s real estate investment would shave about …

from domestic banks. As public debt approached sustainability limits in a number of countries, however, high bank exposure … to sovereign risk created a fragile inter-dependence between fiscal and bank solvency. This paper presents a simple model …