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Germany; 2006 Article IV Consultation: Staff Report; Staff Statement; Public Information Notice on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Germa...
International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2006
The three-point VAT increase is part of a package in which unemployment payroll taxes will be reduced. Risks to the … recovery are balanced but the range of forecasts for 2007 is unusually wide. The priority for Germany is to transmit its …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011244866
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The Aging of the Population and the Size of the Welfare State
Swagel, Phillip; Sadka, Efraim; Razin, Assaf - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2002
Data for the United States and countries in Western Europe indicate a negative correlation between the dependency ratio and both labor tax rates and the generosity of social transfers, after controlling for other factors that influence the size of the welfare state. This is despite the increased...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005825663
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Aging Populations and Public Pension Schemes
Chand, Sheetal K.; Jaeger, Albert - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 1996
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005590852
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The Costs and Benefits of Various Wage Bargaining Structures; An Empirical Exploration
Thomas, Alun H. - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2002
The literature on the relationship between the unemployment rate and wage bargaining fails to separate the offsetting … effects of a reduction in competition associated with centralized bargaining and the increased awareness of unemployment … unemployment rate in countries that have switched to centralized wage-bargaining arrangements, the industry wage is not …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005599636
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Eurosclerosis or Financial Collapse; Why Did Swedish Incomes Fall Behind?
Cerra, Valerie; Saxena, Sweta Chaman - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2005
Sweden represents an archetypal welfare state economy, with extensive government safety nets. Some scholars have attributed a decline in its per capita income ranking since 1970 to "eurosclerosis" or sluggish growth caused by distortionary policies. This paper argues rather, that the permanent...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005605036
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Modeling Politics with Economics tools; A Critical Survey of the Literature
Olters, Jan-Peter - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2001
Whereas the economics discipline possesses a highly refined theoretical apparatus to analyze the effects of government behaviour on the economy, it has not (yet) managed to fully develop a positively formulated "economic theory of politics" that would permit the integration of the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005605269
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The Challenge of Public Pension Reform in Advanced and Emerging Economies
Clements, Benedict J.; Coady, David; Eich, Frank; … - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2013
Pension reform is high on the policy agenda of many advanced and emerging market economies. In advanced economies the challenge is generally to contain future increases in public pension spending as the population ages. In emerging market economies, the challenges are often different. Where...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010790493
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Denmark; Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2006
The paper discusses the flexicurity model, its key policy elements, and association with a low unemployment rate and a … high standard of social security for the unemployed. It provides details of an empirical analysis of unemployment …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011245015
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Why Has Unemployment in Algeria Been Higher Than in Mena and Transition Countries
Kpodar, Kangni - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2007
productivity in Algeria is associated with higher unemployment than the sample average, though recent positive terms of trade … unemployment is higher in Algeria than in other countries. The results are robust to various panel econometric methods and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005248294
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Canadian Firm and Job Dynamics
Balakrishnan, Ravi - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2008
To understand better Canada's smooth reallocation of labor in response to the recent commodity price boom, but seemingly poor productivity performance, this paper examines job and firm dynamics in Canada relative to the United States. Overall, it finds that while Canada's labor market efficiency...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005263929