estimating motor vehicle externalities, and hence corrective taxes on gasoline and diesel, based on pooling local data with …

Fiscal instruments are potentially among the most effective, and cost-effective, options for addressing externalities … reformed to better address these externalities. We discuss, in particular, an explicit carbon tax; a variety of options for …

tourism for a number of PICs. Moreover, if a strong two-way linkage is established between tourism and agriculture, Pacific …

Welfare economics, scope and performance of government, externalities, public goods, cost-benefit analysis, subsidies … addresses externalities, provided the social return is above a threshold. This paper argues that another consideration needs to … be brought into the mix - whether, in spite of the externalities, the private sector has an incentive to undertake the …

. Macroprudential policies ought to be motivated by market failures and externalities, but these can be hard to identify. They can also …

in terms of the specific negative externalities in the financial system that these policies are meant to address, and …