dependent on the oil sector. Since the lifting of the Libya-specific trade sanctions of the United Nation and United States in …

This paper examines the mechanisms through which output volatility is related to trade openness using an industry … appreciable impact on aggregate volatility. Added together they imply that the relationship between trade openness and overall …-level panel dataset of manufacturing production and trade. The main results are threefold. First, sectors more open to …

In this paper we estimate gravity models to see whether trade volumes of countries in the MENA region are significantly … show that the variables used in standard gravity models cannot explain a significant part of MENA's trade performance … inefficiencies in customs clearance processes, are important in explaining the MENA region's underperformance in trade. …

and began to integrate rapidly with the world economy. With the country’s recent accession to the World Trade Organization …

This paper analyzes the effects of trade openness on budget balances by distinguishing the effects of natural openness … from those of trade-policy induced openness. Using the GMMsystem estimator, the econometric analysis focuses on 66 … developing countries during 1974-98. The results show that trade openness increases a country's exposure to external shocks …

The current round of multilateral trade negotiations-the Doha Round-presents an opportunity for countries to reap the … benefits of trade liberalization. Unfortunately, a number of misconceptions about the likely impact of trade reforms has, in …) developing countries have much to gain from their own trade liberalization; (ii) preference erosion could be significant for some …

€™ trade policies and their development strategies. However, although greater trade openness promises faster growth for poor …Efforts to liberalize world trade are increasingly focusing on strengthening the links between low-income countriesâ …