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South Africa; Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2008
This Selected Issues paper discusses the policy response by a sample of central banks to the ongoing oil and food price shocks in South Africa, drawing some lessons, which can help put in context developments in the country. The paper discusses first- and second-round effects of “supply...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011244349
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Trinidad and Tobago; Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2007
In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011244804
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Romania; Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2007
This Selected Issues paper discusses Romania’s modeling monetary policy. A simple Forecasting and Policy Analysis System (FPAS) for Romania has been designed to help in the preparation of the IMF staff’s forecasts and policy assessments. A major advantage of this approach is that...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011245389
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Guatemala; Statistical Annex
International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2005
In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005825219
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Guinea-Bissau; Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2006
A major element of the persistent fiscal imbalances in Guinea-Bissau is the relatively low level of revenue compared with other sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Fiscal revenues, including grants, trended downward significantly in Guinea-Bissau from 1991 through 2005, especially during the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011243034
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Trust As a Means of Improving Corporate Governance and Efficiency
Chami, Ralph; Fullenkamp, Connel - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2002
Agency problems within the firm are a significant hindrance to efficiency. We propose trust between coworkers as a superior alternative to the standard tools used to mitigate agency problems: increased monitoring and incentive-based pay. We show how trust induces employees to work harder,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005826212
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Conditional Lending Under Altruism
Mourmouras, Alex; Rangazas, Peter - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2004
We analyze how the altruism of an international financial institution (IFI) towards its lowincome member countries …. Thus, IFI altruism and the inability to commit are sufficient reasons to equip loans with conditions. Conditional loans … produce an efficient allocation of resources, so altruism is not a fundamental reason that loans fail to increase welfare. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005604948
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Minimum Wages and Firm Employment: Evidence from China
Huang, Yi; Loungani, Prakash; Wang, Gewei - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2014
This paper provides the first systematic study of how minimum wage policies in China affect firm employment over the … impact on employment, with an estimated elasticity of -0.1. Furthermore, we find a heterogeneous effect of the minimum wage … on employment which depends on the firm's wage level. Specifically, the minimum wage has a greater negative impact on …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011123849
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Uncertainty and the Employment Dynamics of Small and Large Businesses
Ghosal, Vivek; Ye, Yang - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2015
We examine the impact of uncertainty on employment dynamics. Alternative measures of uncertainty are constructed based … price index, and fuel prices. Our results indicate that greater uncertainty has a negative impact on growth of employment …-existent or weaker. Our results suggest that to truly understand the effects of uncertainty on employment dynamics, we need to …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011123865
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Managing Income Tax Compliance through Self-Assessment
Okello, Andrew - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2014
Modern tax administrations seek to optimize tax collections while minimizing administration costs and taxpayer compliance costs. Experience shows that voluntary compliance is best achieved through a system of self-assessment. Many tax administrations have introduced self-assessment principles in...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011123861