Despite recording double digit growth since 2000, Armenia's tax-to-GDP ratio has been fairly stable at about 14 …½ percent. This paper catalogues a range of factors that may account for Armenia's stubbornly for tax collection by benchmarking … Armenia's tax-to-GDP against some comparator countries and conducting an extensive econometric study of the main determinants …

Empirical evidence on the relationship between trade liberalization, exchange rates, and tax revenue is mixed. This … liberalization and tax revenue is sensitive to the measure used to proxy trade liberalization, but that, in general, trade … liberalization is not strongly linked to aggregate tax revenue or its components-though with one measure, it is linked to higher …

This paper provides an updated overview of tax incentives for business investment. It begins by noting that tax … competition is likely to be a major force driving countries' tax reforms, and discusses tax incentives as a possible response to … this. This is complemented by other arguments for and against tax incentives, and by an illustrative analysis of different …

periods. These changes are too large and too sudden to attribute fully to a deterioration in tax administration or to changes … in the traditional determinants of tax levels. The paper argues that they should be attributed mostly to macroeconomic … policies. The paper discusses the connection between tax levels and (a) the real value of the official exchange rate, (b …

With the public finances of many developing and emerging market countries still heavily dependent on trade tax revenues … each dollar of lost trade tax revenue, with signs of close to full recovery when separately identifying episodes in which … trade tax revenues fell. Troublingly, however, revenue recovery has been extremely weak in low-income countries (which are …

This paper studies an optimal tax problem for a small open economy where collecting taxes is costly. It is shown that …, in the presence of collection costs modeled as an increasing function of the tax rate: (a) the standard rules of optimal … domestic taxes as a second-best revenue-raising device; and (c) the optimal tariff/tax structure may be uniform rather than …

This paper discusses important tax policy issues facing developing countries today. It views tax policy from both the … macroeconomic perspective, which focuses on broad questions such as the level and composition of tax revenue, and the microeconomic … perspective, which focuses on certain design aspects of selected major taxes, such as the personal income tax, the corporate …

This paper presents a model to determine the tax effort and tax capacity of 113 countries and the main variables on … which they depend. The results and the model allow a clear determination of which countries are near their tax capacity and … which are some way from it, and therefore, could increase their tax revenue. This paper also determines central factors on …