Botswana. The IMF report analyzes that large public employment significantly affect labor market outcomes in middle …-income countries, including Botswana. It is noted that reforms aimed at reducing the rents and the size of the public sector is likely … to significantly improve market outcomes in Botswana. As part of efforts to find new engines of growth and support …

Total factor productivity growth was stagnant or slowing in many advanced countries even prior to the crisis. This … paper documents sector-level productivity patterns across advanced economies prior to the crisis and examines the role of … driving productivity differences across sectors and countries. Since productivity payoffs of reforms evolve over time, we also …

challenges remain in accelerating economic reforms and reducing poverty. Real economic growth accelerated from almost 4½ in 2010 …

The Kingdom of Lesotho’s Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper reports that consistent implementation of sound … macroeconomic policies is critical to the attainment of poverty reduction objectives. At the central level, the authorities … capacity at the beginning, made a significant contribution to the preparation of the Poverty Reduction Strategy. …

poverty reduction. First, it examines the structure of economic growth and its proximate determinants in the two countries … economic growth and poverty reduction, particularly focusing on public policy mechanisms to reduce poverty and inequality …. Malaysia, unlike Pakistan, was able to sustain rapid economic growth with equally impressive reduction in poverty because the …

This survey of the recent literature asks: how important is trade policy for poverty reduction? We consider the effects … of openness on poverty in two components: the effect of openness on average income growth, and the effect on distribution … of growth and poverty reduction. Trade openness has important positive spillovers on other aspects of reform, however, so …

poverty. It finds that growth has been increasingly driven by higher factor productivity and that a continuation of recent … 1995 has resulted in a significant decline of poverty and that prospects are favorable for Tanzania to attain its … objectives for reducing income poverty by 2015. …

poverty and inequality. We find that the epidemic lowers average income and increases poverty, and that the jump in poverty is … larger than expected from the fall in average income. This disproportionate increase in poverty reflects the large share of … the population living on the threshold of poverty and the higher HIV prevalence rates in those segments of the population. …

This paper describes the nature and evolution of poverty in Nigeria between 1985 and 1992. It highlights the potential … and welfare. The headcount measure of poverty in Nigeria declined from 43 percent to 34 percent between 1985 and 1992 …. Decomposing the factors causing the reduction in poverty shows that the overall decline of 9 percentage point was the net result …

Throughout the world, the great popularity of programs to protect those who may fall into poverty stands in contrast … with the weakness of policies aimed at helping individuals who are already poor to overcome long-term poverty. In the paper …, an OLG model with persistent poverty and limited social mobility is used to explore some of the reasons for the different …