, ethnicity, and gender in the United States. However, the data necessary to detect possible discrimination and to act to counter … pictures to identify race, ethnicity, and gender. We show that one can use LinkedIn data to obtain reasonably reliable measures … of workforce demographic composition by race, ethnicity, and gender, based on validation exercises comparing estimates …

growth of human capital and several of its constituent factors are broken down by gender and by region, and in some cases … capital have grown over time. The purpose is to identify the sources of human capital growth by region, gender, and various …

degrees. We show annual earnings and hours worked while enrolled in graduate school vary a lot by gender and degree. Finally …

different gender, race, or ethnic groups and how they evolve as buyers obtain more information about seller quality. We consider … have a choice about how strongly to signal gender. We develop a new approach to identifying statistical discrimination … using doctors' choices about signaling their gender. We find evidence of statistical discrimination against female doctors …