market work--as requiring the most interaction with the native world, and these activities more than others fit the …

and pitcher match race/ethnicity. This effect only exists where there is little scrutiny of umpires' behavior -- in … determine the outcome of the at-bat. If a pitcher shares the home-plate umpire's race/ethnicity, he gives up fewer runs per game …

behavioral and academic outcomes is driven by gender gaps at the extremes of the outcome distribution. Using unconditional … distribution where the gender gaps are most pronounced. Accounting for the disproportionate effects of family environment on boys … at the tails substantially narrows the gender gap in high school dropout …

Previous research has shown that norms around the role of women in society could help explain the gender gap in … combined with birth certificates we uncover important heterogeneity in the transmission of gender biases within the family. We … find that gender role norms can explain the lower performance of girls in mathematics only in relatively affluent White …

. Time stress will be more prevalent in households with higher incomes and whose members work longer in the market or on … higher-income households perceive more time stress for the same amount of time spent in market work and household work. The …

administrative records, we estimate the causal effect of school quality on the gender gap in educational outcomes by contrasting …