) there are sizable spillovers across ports, as investing in one port can decongest a wider set of ports, suggesting that …Transportation infrastructure is vital for the smooth functioning of international trade. Ports are a crucial gateway … operate efficiently. Yet ports are susceptible to disruptions, causing costly delays. With enormous budgets spent on …

result, the demand for labour throughout the industrialized world. This generates increases in wages, employment and output …

increases in inequality is substantially altered relative to a long-run factors mobile world. This conclusion applies both when …

competitive world economy. Our method is novel. The effect of border barriers on trade flows is often inferred from gravity models …