The standard source for pre-WWII global freight rate trends is the Isserlis British tramp shipping index. We think it … the precipitous decline in nominal freight rates before the World War I, but it also extends the series to the 1940s …. Furthermore, our new series is linked to the post-World War II era (documented by David Hummels), so that we can be more precise …

world commodity and factor markets, history offers an unambiguous positive correlation between globalization and convergence …. But is the correlation spurious? When the pre-World War I years are examined in detail, the correlation turns out to be …

spice markets were already well integrated with those in Iberia and northern Europe, implying that Portugal could not have …

variety of tests for world financial capital market integration ranging from the correlation of saving and investment …

variety of tests for world financial capital market integration ranging from the correlation of saving and investment …

A Third World data base documenting commodity and factor prices 1870-1940 has been collected, yielding annual time …/rental ratios the world round between 1870 and 1940. The data offer a useful way to identify the impact of globalization on the pre …-industrial Third World. This paper finds commodity price convergence to have been bigger in the Third World than the Atlantic economy …

Some world historians attach globalization big bang' significance to 1492 (Christopher Colombus stumbles on the … important events in recorded history. Other world historians insist that globalization stretches back even earlier. There is a … third view which argues that the world economy was fragmented and completely de-globalized before the 19th century. None of …

In this paper, we investigate a neglected aspect of financial systems of many countries around the world: government … around the world. Second, such ownership is particularly significant in countries with low levels of per capita income …