skills and investments to diversify exports toward more sophisticated manufactured products, restrictions against them tend … to multiply. These not only impede the export prospects of the developing countries directly affected, but also slow …

Primary commodities dominate African exports, yet these products are extremely vulnerable to variations in weather … conditions, world demand and prices. If the continent is to obtain optimum benefit from the integration and opening of the world … in enhancing the competitiveness of African manufactured exports; the steps that can be taken to improve production …