This 2019 Article IV Consultation with South Africa discusses that subdued private investment and exports, and increased uncertainty have depressed growth and worsened social indicators. State-owned enterprises' (SOEs) risks are materializing, triggering government bailouts of Eskom and...

This Selected Issues paper studies the growth-inflation trade-off of monetary policy in South Africa. The combination of low growth and stubbornly high inflation expectations for a protracted period has complicated monetary policy decisions. The IMF staff analysis contributes to the ongoing...

South Africa has made considerable economic and social strides since 1994, but faces significant challenges. Deep-rooted structural problems-infrastructure bottlenecks, skill mismatches, and harmful insider-outsider dynamics-have kept unemployment and inequality unacceptably high. Also, a...

This paper describes South Africa's economic development and challenges. South Africa has made considerable economic and social progress over the past two decades, but faces substantial challenges. Global transitions-China's slowdown and rebalancing, weak commodity prices, and U.S. monetary...

This Technical Assistance report lists key issues discussed between the IMF's Fiscal Affairs Department (FAD) and the Davis Tax Committee regarding recommendations for tax reforms in the oil and gas sector in South Africa. It is suggested that the royalty should have a single flat rate, rather...

Reflecting slow progress on reforms, weakened governance, and elevated policy uncertainty, growth remains subdued. With the economy unable to create enough jobs, the quest for inclusive growth has been elusive, making South Africa one of the most unequal societies. Growing government spending...

This Selected Issues paper analyzes impact of debt on growth in South Africa. A permanent increase of four percentage points of gross domestic product (GDP) in national government expenditure underlies the doubling of public debt in the last decade. The wage bill accounted for most of the...