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The Rise of Retirement Among African Americans: Wealth and Social Security Effects

Costa, Dora L. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008

population by studying the effects of pensions on the decisions of black Union Army veterans. I find that blacks were 2 to 5 … choice of independent living arrangements. I argue that blacks' greater poverty explains their responsiveness to pensions. My …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005714599

Scarring and Mortality Selection Among Civil War POWs: A Long-Term Mortality, Morbidity and Socioeconomic Follow-Up

Costa, Dora L. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010

Debilitating events could leave either frailer or more robust survivors, depending on the extent of scarring and mortality selection. The majority of empirical analyses find frailer survivors. I find heterogeneous effects. Among severely stressed former Union Army POWs, which effect dominates 35...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008756447

A House of Her Own: Old Age Assistance and the Living Arrangements of Older Nonmarried Women

Costa, Dora L. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1999

I show that the trend towards single households among older nonmarried women, the majority of whom were widows, has been ongoing only since 1940 and investigate the factors that fostered the rise in separate living quarters since mid-century by examining the impact of Old Age Assistance on...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005580498

Displacing the Family: Union Army Pensions and Elderly Living Arrange- ments

Costa, Dora L. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1996

veterans receiving Union Army pensions. I find that Union Army pensions exerted a sizable, negative impact on the coresidence …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005710324

Health and Labor Force Participation of Older Men, 1900-1991

Costa, Dora L. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1994

I investigate how the relationship between health status and retirement among older men has changed since 1900 using weight adjusted for height or Body Mass Index (BMI) as a proxy for health. I find that both in 1900 and in 1985-1991 the relative risk of labor force non-participation increases...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005828686

Agricultural Decline and the Secular Rise in Male Retirement Rates

Costa, Dora L. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1994

Explanations for the decline in labor force participation rates of older men prior to 1950 have focused on the sectoral shift from agriculture to manufacturing. Labor force participation rates of men living in farm households have been consistently higher than those of men living in non-farm...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005831183

Health, Income, and Retirement: Evidence from Nineteenth Century America

Costa, Dora L. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1993

I investigate the factors that fostered rising retirement rates prior to social security and private-sector pensions by … rules create a natural experiment to identify the effects of pensions and health on labor supply. Pensions exerted a large … even the most conservative estimates of that elasticity with respect to social security payments. Union Army pensions were …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005589006

The Wage and the Length of the Work Day: From the 1890s to 1991

Costa, Dora L. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1998

I investigate how the relationship between the wage and the length of the work day has changed since the 1890s among prime-aged men and women. I find that across wage deciles deciles, and within industry and occupation groups the most highly paid worked fewer hours than the lowest paid in the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005829661

Understanding the Decline in Social Capital, 1952-1998

Costa, Dora L.; Kahn, Matthew E. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2001

We evaluate trends in social capital since 1952 and assess explanations for the observed declines. We examine both social capital centered in the community and in the home and argue that the decline in social capital has been over-stated. Controlling for education, there have been small declines...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005580179

The Unequal Work Day: A Long-Term View

Costa, Dora L. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1998

I investigate how the distribution of daily hours worked among prime-aged men has changed since the 1890s by occupational and industrial group and by the hourly wage. I find that although hours of work have fallen for all workers, the decline was disproportionately large among the lowest paid...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005714394