This report describes the complex and changing interrelationship between trade, domestic investment and foreign direct … investment (FDI) and provides examples of good practices in trade policymaking that create a healthy investment climate in … developing countries. A two-by-two taxonomy is used to analyse the impact of policies affecting imports and exports in both host …

, and slowly increases at later stages of development. Third, the volatility of country-specific macroeconomic shocks falls … with the level of development. We argue that many theories linking volatility and development are not consistent with these … volatility into these four sources, quantify their contribution to aggregate volatility, and study how they relate to the stage …

of political freedoms versus economic development. This paper takes a new approach to provide an answer by using micro …

This paper presents a simple model of subsidies with export share requirements (ESR) in a heterogeneous firm … a 6.9% reduction in the ad-valorem subsidy rate available to firms that export all their output is consistent with the …

instrument is worse from a welfare standpoint than a standard export subsidy, partly because it increases protection of the … comparable to halving its trade costs. …

, and slowly increases at later stages of development. Third, the volatility of country- specific macroeconomic shocks falls … with the level of development. We argue that many theories linking volatility and development are not consistent with these … volatility into these four sources, quantify their contribution to aggregate volatility, and study how they relate to the stage …

Vietnam.s development performance since the early 1990s has been one of the strongest in the world, following the … its domestic market only slowly while encouraging export growth. …

. In doing so, it considers the main channels of transmission, to focus on international trade, investment, finance and …