agglomeration externalities. We extend this model by introducing a traffic congestion externality. We show that congestion induces a … interplay between these externalities is then demonstrated, as reduced congestion leads to commercial concentration and … agglomeration gains. …

cluster together, turning location into a self-reinforcing process. However, agglomeration raises the price of immobile local …

dominated by a single firm. Unlike much of the previous literature, we combine a dynamic (bottleneck) model of congestion and a … interacts with a competitive fringe, charging the congestion toll that is derived for fully atomistic carriers to both leader … and fringe yields the first-best outcome. This holds regardless of the leader's internalization of congestion in the …

. The difference in desired speeds causes congestion, because slow drivers force fast drivers to reduce their speed. An … interesting aspect of this type of congestion is that results with respect to tolling are very different from those of the …

We derive and discuss a general, but simple geographical economics model with congestion, allowing us to explain the …

: 'static flow congestion',originating in the works of Pigou, and 'dynamic bottleneck congestion', pioneered byVickrey. Because …This paper develops a continuous-time -continuous-place economic model of road trafficcongestion with a bottleneck …, based on car-following theory. The model integrates twoarchetype congestion technologies used in the economics literature …