. First, we investigate how environmental lobby groups affect the determination of environmental policy in rich and developing … empirical findings suggest that environmental lobby groups tend to positively affect the stringency of environmental policy …. Moreover, political competition tends to raise policy stringency, in particular where citizens’ participation in the democratic …

– particularly in spaces for user-generated content (UGC) – and in suggesting how policy might be written to account for user rights …

lending. Optimism leads to the opposite conclusion, at least if it is legitimate to use fiscal policy to counteract systematic …

higher female representation in the State Legislatures on public goods, policy and expenditure. I find that women legislators …

-income families, looking specifically at the effects on poverty, family expenditures, and child health and development. The paper … finds some commonalities but also some notable differences. Common to both countries is a sizable reduction in child poverty …, although the reduction in child poverty in the US has been less, and some families appear to have been left behind. Expenditure …

significant correlation and regression coefficients which suggest a link between inflation and inequality, while poverty appears …

poverty compels work whereas a positive wage elasticity would favour the alternative view that children work because the … relative returns to school are low. Distinguishing between these alternatives is important for policy. Existing studies have … boys, consistent with the view that boys work on account of the compulsions of poverty. This is less clear in the case of …