firm heterogeneity, it is predicted that import tariff elimination could reduce the incidence of informality by making more … Mexican and U.S. import tariffs together with the Mexican National Survey of Urban Labour (ENEU), I find that reductions in … the Mexican import tariffs are significantly related to reductions in the likelihood of informality in the tradable …

-proportions-inspired work on offshoring and heterogeneous firms in trade, we build industry-level measures of import competition. Combining … Manufactures, and transaction-level trade data, we find that rising import competition from China and other developing economies …

analysis suggests that export promotion per se is unlikely to lead to sustainable internationalization because … internationalization goes beyond export and because, in the medium to long term, internationalization is likely driven by innovation. We …