regression techniques were used to estimate the effect of household, cluster and state characteristics on the proportion of … maternal health care expenditures over total household expenditures. Over 80 % of households reported paying for maternal … according to the level of health care utilisation, and with considerable heterogeneity at the household and community levels …

“household”, may have multiple criteria which are not fulfilled by everyone, leading interviewers to prioritise different … interviewer-respondent social dynamics play a substantial role in determining who is included in household surveys, and in shaping …

-income families, looking specifically at the effects on poverty, family expenditures, and child health and development. The paper … finds some commonalities but also some notable differences. Common to both countries is a sizable reduction in child poverty …, although the reduction in child poverty in the US has been less, and some families appear to have been left behind. Expenditure …

This paper presents a dynamic model of child labour supply in a farming household. The model clarifies the roles of … land, income and household size, allowing labour and credit market imperfections. If labour markets are imperfect, child … labour is increasing in farm size and decreasing in household size. The effect of income is shown to depend upon whether the …

. While the static decompositions of inequality by household characteristics reveal that education and race of the household … significant correlation and regression coefficients which suggest a link between inflation and inequality, while poverty appears …

poverty compels work whereas a positive wage elasticity would favour the alternative view that children work because the … large household survey for rural Pakistan, we estimate structural labour supply models for boys and girls in wage work … boys, consistent with the view that boys work on account of the compulsions of poverty. This is less clear in the case of …

well-known inequality indices. The same cannot be said, in respect of poverty indices, for the second-order stochastic … dominance criterion for poverty analysis introduced by Atkinson (1987). Indeed, two of the best known poverty indices, the head … provides a more comprehensive coverage of poverty indice. By establishing the relationship between welfare and poverty …

evaluation comprise the alleviation of poverty and the reduction in income inequality, whilst the diversity of opinions about …