Periodically, the ‘zone of acceptance’ within which management may use its authority to direct employees’ work needs to be adapted to the changing needs of organisations. This article focuses especially on the non-codified elements of employees’ work, such as those commonly the subject...

Professor Tetsuro Nakaoka, formerly of Osaka University, and now of the Faculty of Management, Osaka University of Economics, gave a seminar on Japanese industrial development at the Suntory-Toyota Centre during 1992. Although it was not possible to publish that paper as a STICERD discussion...