This paper tests whether the so-called ‘reach of the market’ helps to explain ‘why Europe’ and ‘why north …-western Europe’. By looking at grain markets from the late seventeenth to the early twentieth century, this study concludes that the … neither a concomitant nor an effect of the Industrial Revolution, but indeed a plausible determinant for the rise of Europe …

Economic evaluation has an important role in helping to make decisionsabout the use of scarce resources in an explicit … and rational manner, yeteconomic evaluation is not well-developed in many areas of socialwelfare. This paper looks at the … evaluation may not always be appropriate,because of the nature of many social welfare interventions and becauseevaluators need to …