This paper uses a stochastic cost frontier model to investigate the efficiency of Britain’s private railways during the … that private ownership per se is not sufficient to promote efficiency in the railway industry; it should be supported by …

classified according their relative efficiency, it can be interpreted as an indicator of comparative advantage. Our results … significant loss of efficiency for the economy, such that only 50 out of 125 industries, accounting for 39 percent of the Spanish … the verge of relative efficiency.[...] …

at reducing fixed costs of entry (deregulation)and improving the efficiency of financial markets (financial reform … short run to open the way for future deregulation. Our model shedslight on the privatization and reform experiences of …

answer around two proximate determinants: factors of productionand efficiency. It answers the question “how much of the cross …-country income variance canbe attributed to differences in (physical and human) capital, and how much to differencesin the efficiency … current consensus is that efficiency is at leastas important as capital in explaining income differences. I survey the data …

bankingindustry. This goal is served by taking a broad view of thepayments business and analyzing information provided bylarge bank …

length of time between bank examinations affects thequality of information available to supervisors. For thesepurposes, we … condition of a bank. Our analysisassumes that examination information incorporates twotypes of data: information available from … information that can be obtained onlythrough on-site examinations, such as confidential informationabout a bank’s troubled assets …