broadband availability affects racial hatecrimes in the US from 1999 – 2008. To address measurement error, we instrument for … broadband availability using slope of terrain. We find strong evidence that broadband availability increases racial hate crimes …

While some broadband providers have called Internet content and application providers free riders on their … infrastructure, this is incorrect and misguided. End-users pay for their residential broadband providers for access to the Internet … broadband providers’ ISPs in order to reach their customers. This feature of the Internet has been one key factor that has …

This paper responds to arguments made in filings in the FCC’s broadband openness proceeding (GN Dkt. 09-191) and … limited competition in the broadband access marketplace. Contrary to some others’ arguments, wireless broadband access … services are unlikely to act as effective economic substitutes for wireline broadband access services (whether offered by …

In Portugal, the telecommunications incumbent o®ers broadband access to the Inter- net, both through digital subscriber … line and cable modem. In this article, we estimate the impact on broadband access to the Internet of the structural … elasticities of demand and the marginal costs of broadband access to the Internet. Based on these estimates, we simulate the e …