conditions under which robotics and AI complement or are substituting for labor. Further, firm-level data would also allow for …-level data could be collected and used by academics, policymakers and other researchers …

research landscape is the nature and extent to which scholars generate data. Today, in nearly every field the experimental …

research is a significant predictor of other dimensions such as the use of patenting and publishing, it does not fully explain … contrast the two sectors along four key dimensions: (1) the nature of research (e.g., basic versus applied); (2) organizational … survey data from a representative sample of over 5,000 life scientists and physical scientists employed in a wide range of …

Intelligently allocating research effort and funds requires deciding whether to build on recent advances or on more … established knowledge. When recent advances create superior opportunities for invention, their adoption as research inputs in the … invention process promotes technological progress. The gains from pursuing such innovative research paths may, however, be very …

findings, and of their research field as a whole. The paper emphasizes a dynamic view of research processes, in which learning …-makers tomorrow, dynamic research processes are affected by research externalities, i.e. research practices that have high social … value but low private returns. The paper identifies several of these research externalities and argues that funding …

Might firms' use of data create market power? To explore this hypothesis, we craft a model in which economies of scale … in data induce a data-rich firm to invest in producing at a lower marginal cost and larger scale. However, the model … uncovers much richer interactions between data, welfare and market power. Data affects risk, firm size and the composition of …

the covariates are observed in two different datasets that cannot be linked. This type of data combination problem arises …