We construct a model of offshoring with externalities and firm heterogeneity. Due to the presence of externalities …, temporary shocks like the Y2K problem can have permanent effects, i.e., they can permanently raise the extent of offshoring in … externalities can help explain the dynamic process of offshoring, where the most productive firms offshore first and the others …

: generating a sufficient number of jobs at reasonable wages to absorb their rapidly growing populations into productive employment … of the principal effects of population growth on labor supply and employment in the developing economies of the world. On … population growth, labor supply, employment shifts, and growth of output per worker are presented and discussed.The key result of …

countries. I begin by describing how gender norms influence the relationship between economic development and female employment … several specific gender-related social norms and how they constrain women's employment. I present examples of policies aimed … at dismantling these cultural barriers to female employment and the impacts they have …