employment, average hours worked, physical capital accumulation and, most importantly, total factor productivity and its skill … existence of communities of immigrants before 1960, as instruments. We find no evidence that immigrants crowded-out employment …-biased technology as the theory of directed technologial change would predict. Combining these effects, an increase in employment in a …

of STEM worker growth on the wages and employment of college and non-college educated native workers in 219 U.S. cities …-college educated natives are smaller but still significant. We do not find significant effects on employment. We also find that STEM …

, and that previous employment tends to raise the probability of subsequent employment …

Demographic differences in patterns of employment variation over the business cycle are examined in this paper. Three … in the labor market. Second, young people bear a disproportionate share of cyclical employment variation. Third, failure …

are four main conclusions. First, labor force transitions are the principal determinant of fluctuations in employment and …. Likewise, most spells of employment end with labor force withdrawal rather than unemployment. Second, traditional estimates of …

labor market, looking at both wage and employment effects. Using the Regional File of the IAB Employment Subsample for the … employment levels. It had instead adverse employment and wage effects on previous waves of immigrants. This stems from the fact …

.5 percent below the 1990 peak and a mere one percent above the 1993 trough. Employment rates tell a similar story. Our …

, we exploit the recently developed Longitudinal Business Database (LBD), which contains annual observations on employment …, the employment-weighted mean volatility of firm growth rates has declined by more than 40% since 1982. This result stands … volatility among privately held firms. This pattern holds in every major industry group. Employment shifts toward older …