After decades of rising global economic integration, the world economy is now fragmenting. To measure this phenomenon … demonstrates that increased fragmentation negatively impacts the global economy, with emerging economies suffering more than …

government spending can bolster support for globalization by reducing the risk associated with it in the minds of voters …

focus on international trade. A discussion follows in Section II on the current status regarding participation in the World … global integration. The study stipulates the political economy of reducing trade controls is difficult, especially if it is …

-authored than articles published in leading general economics journals. However, in both economic history and general economics …-authored papers. Economics and economic history differ in the nature of collaboration, in that co-authorships in economic history are … more likely to be formed of individuals of different seniority as compared to economics generally …

geopolitical factors. Using data on foreign reserves of 19 countries before World War I, for which the currency composition of … hypothetical scenario where the U.S. withdraws from the world, our estimates suggest that long-term U.S. interest rates could rise …

Data on global trade as well as capital and labor flows indicate a slowdown, but not reversal, of globalization post … towards globalization. Similarly, the COVID pandemic provided novel arguments against free trade based on global supply chain … policy, export restrictions in particular, to halt China's technological development. The future of globalization is highly …

of the World (ROW) is developed to quantify capital controls and evaluate their impact on the world economy. We find … these controls had large effects. Counterfactual analysis show world output would have been 0:5 percent higher had there …