This paper considers the effects of Chinese import competition on firm-level labor market outcomes in Portugal. We … examine direct competition in the Portuguese market and indirect competition Portugal's largest export markets in Western … export markets, but minimal effects of direct competition in Portugal. Our findings also suggest a centrally important role …

observable trade flows and the dynamics of innovation and knowledge diffusion …, the forces of innovation and diffusion combine to shape trade substitution patterns. Innovation makes a country … technological similarity and increases head-to-head competition. In the special case of an innovation-only model where countries do …

This paper examines whether there are complementarities between investments in ICT, R&D and organizational innovation … return of 9.7%, followed by 6% to 7% on organizational innovation and a modest 1.4% to 1.8% on R&D in services and …