displaced state authorities and promoted the creation of self-governing institutions that embodied local values and openly … state. Our results suggest that community institutions in guerrilla-controlled areas led to enduring land fragmentation and … disengagement with the government. We argue that when non-state actors develop alternative governance institutions, they can lead to …

differences through the dynamics of saving and investment. We posit that the drivers of economic development include institutions …

In this paper we revisit the relationship between institutions, human capital and development. We argue that empirical … models that treat institutions and human capital as exogenous are misspecified both because of the usual omitted variable … focus on historically-determined differences in human capital and control for the effect of institutions, the impact of …

We exploit differences in the mortality rates faced by European colonialists to estimate the effect of institutions on … different associated institutions. The choice of colonization strategy was, at least in part, determined by whether Europeans … likely to set up worse (extractive) institutions. These early institutions persisted to the present. We document evidence …

transportation improvements converged to create city growth. We assess the impact of institutions on growth by allowing two ways for … institutions to affect growth. Institutions can directly affect growth, or it can impact on trade, which in turn affects growth …. Once we separately quantify the link from institutions to trade, and trade to growth, the independent effect of …

Although institutions are believed to be key determinants of economic performance, there is limited evidence on how … variation in the presence of institutions; the difficulty of empirically measuring institutional performance; and the temptation … the complex and multi-faceted subject. We evaluate one attempt to make local institutions more egalitarian by imposing …