, controlling for family background, blacks are more likely to enroll in college than whites. This relationship is somewhat … understand what is driving these differences across the distribution of family background characteristics and why the …

than just matching their academic ability to the institution, and prefer institutions with a large proportion of same race … students and campuses where same race students from their high school have been successful in the past …

Norway and focuses on one family characteristic: the effect of family size on IQ. Because of the endogeneity of family size …, we instrument for family size using twin births and sex composition. IV estimates using sex composition as an instrument … show no negative effect of family size; however, IV estimates using twins imply that family size has a negative effect on …

Norway that allows us to precisely measure birth order effects on IQ using both cross-sectional and within-family methods … explains about 3% of the within-family variance of IQ. When we control for birth endowments, the estimated birth order effects … birth order effects occur because later-born children are more affected by family breakdown …

Among the perceived inputs in the production' of child quality is family size; there is an extensive theoretical … literature that postulates a tradeoff between child quantity and quality within a family. However, there is little causal … match adult children to their parents and siblings. In addition, we use exogenous variation in family size induced by the …