implement a case-study on the response of banks in France, Germany, Italy and Spain to a monetary tightening. The episode we …

and Sweden experience the lowest earnings declines following job displacement, while workers in Italy, Spain, and Portugal …-specific wage premiums accounts for 40% to 95% of within-country wage declines. The use of active labor market policies predicts a …

France, Italy and Germany corroborates this finding, and we estimate cumulative gains of up to 5 percentage points in … the provincial mandate announcements). We also find large vaccination gains in France (3 to 5 mln first doses), Italy …

implications for the severity of the COVID-19 recession, the design of policies, and the speed of the recovery …

audience of economists who want a framework for understanding the effects of social distancing and containment policies on the … simple model, different policies that yield the same transmission rate β have the same health outcomes but can have very … different economic costs. Thus, one way to frame the economics of shutdown policy is as finding the most efficient policies to …

Financial crises cause economic, social and political havoc. Macroprudential policies are gaining traction but are …

This paper assesses the prospects of a 2021 time bomb in SME failures triggered by the generous support policies … enacted during the 2020 COVID-19 crisis. Policies implemented in 2020, on their own, do not create a 2021 "time-bomb" for SMEs … scenario, most business failures would not arise from excessively generous 2020 policies, but rather from the contraction of …