United States and Europe. The gender gap in research funding has closed at the National Science Foundation and National … Institutes of Health in the United States and substantially narrowed in Europe. Underrepresented minorities are less likely to …

attained, and education debt using data from the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF), the National Postsecondary Student Aid …

experiments within surveys, rather than just relying on observational survey data. We then outline the most commonly used …

information. In many cases, the law prohibits the collection of such information to prevent direct racial discrimination. As a … estimating racial differences in party registration. Finally, we apply the proposed methodology to estimate racial differences in … Service. Open-source software is available which implements the proposed methodology …

To spur entrepreneurship and economic growth, an increasing number of countries have introduced immigration policies … this immigration policy increased the likelihood that U.S.-based immigrants have a start-up in Canada by 69%. Our results … communities in the origin location. Overall, our study unveils the importance of immigration policies in determining founding …

In the centuries leading up to the Industrial Revolution, Western Europe gradually pulled ahead of other world regions … explain the rise of Europe relative to regions that relied on the transmission of knowledge within extended families or clans …

Measurement errors are often a large source of bias in survey data. Lack of knowledge of the determinants of such … respondent's degree of cooperation with the survey overall. We provide evidence on how survey design choices affect reporting … errors. Our findings help survey users to gauge the reliability of their data and to devise estimation strategies that can …