We document the sources behind the costs of job loss over the business cycle using administrative data from Germany … downturns. A large part of the long-term earnings losses and their cyclicality is driven by declines in wages. Key to these long …-paying firms. Changes in characteristics of workers or displacing firms explain little of the cyclicality, though non-employment …

This paper examines gender differences in labor market outcomes for hard-to-employ youth in the US and West Germany … absolute terms, correcting for purchasing power. The relatively high employment rates of less educated German youth combined … with their relatively high wages raise the question of how they are successfully absorbed into the labor market. We present …

study a reform in Germany that abruptly abolished this mandate for certain firms incorporated after August 1994 but locked … rent sharing. It lowers outsourcing, while moderately shifting employment to skilled labor. Shared governance has no clear …

A transformation of what had become a universal 40 hour standard work week in Germany began in 1985 with reductions … reductions in other sectors. The union campaign aimed to increase employment through work-sharing, and is being emulated in the …

In the coming years, a substantial portion of Germany's workforce will retire, making it difficult for businesses to …. This study examines relationships between establishment training programs, wages, and retirement among older men and women …. Using unique matched establishment-employee data from Germany, the authors find that when establishments offer special …

paper shows that UI extensions at age thresholds reduced reemployment wages of job searchers in Germany. The UI extensions …This paper provides quasi-experimental estimates of the causal effect of long-term unemployment on wages. Using … standard job search theory, the paper derives and tests conditions on reemployment wages under which Unemployment Insurance (UI …

Germany's more compressed wage structure is taken by many analysts as the main cause of the German-US difference in job … creation. We find that the US has a more dispersed level of skills than Germany but even adjusted for skills, Germany has a …. It suggests that the pay and employment experience of low skilled Americans is a poor counterfactual for assessing how …

premium but that changes in relative employment are related to changes in relative wages raising the possibility of some … substitution behavior. Still, the differing dispersion of wages is not a major contributor to differences in employment rates. The …Greater job creation in the US than in Germany has often been related to greater wage dispersion coupled with less …

short-run employment growth in the formal sector. However, credit expansions increase average capability among entering …